This paper uses shift share to study the economy in Leiyang, a resources exhausted city, and assesses its industrial structure and leading industry. DEA is employed to calculate its industrial input/output efficiency and industrial structure changing rules, with results showing a rising gross economic output, and a gradually adjusted industrial structure year by year, but still in the stage of pulled by secondary industry overall from 2005—2015. The first industry is slowly growing, most in primitive mode, the secondary is fading and the third shows a good outlook, but insufficient to the entire economy in Leiyang city. Technology is upgrading but scale efficiency is still low. This paper presents suggestions for Leiyang city on optimizing its industrial structure and gasping developing opportunity in China·s new macroscopic economic environment.